“Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel condition—early diagnosis and individualized treatm

Crohn’s disease is a chronic (long-term) inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It causes inflammation of the digestive tract, most commonly affecting the small intestine and large intestine (colon). The disease can involve any part of the digestive system from mouth to anus and may affect different areas in different people.

Crohn’s disease usually has periods of flare-ups and remission (when symptoms improve).

The exact cause is not fully known, but it is believed to be due to a combination of:

• Immune system problem (the body attacks its own intestine)
   
• Genetic factors (family history)
   
• Environmental triggers
   
• Gut bacteria imbalance
   

⚠️ Crohn’s disease is not caused by infection and is not contagious.

Symptoms may vary from mild to severe and include:

• Persistent diarrhea
   
• Abdominal pain and cramps
   
• Weight loss
   
• Fatigue and weakness
   
• Loss of appetite
   
• Blood or mucus in stool
   
• Fever
   
• Anemia (low blood level)
   

Some patients may also have:

• Mouth ulcers
   
• Joint pain
   
• Skin rashes
   
• Eye inflammation
   

• People with a family history of Crohn’s disease
   
• Young adults (commonly diagnosed between 15–35 years)
   
• Smokers (smoking worsens the disease)
   
• People with autoimmune conditions
   

Doctors may use:

• Blood tests (to check inflammation, anemia)
   
• Stool tests
   
• Colonoscopy with biopsy
   
• CT scan or MRI
   
• Capsule endoscopy (in selected cases)
   

Early diagnosis helps prevent complications.

There is no permanent cure, but treatment can control symptoms and improve quality of life.

Treatment options include:

• Anti-inflammatory medicines
   
• Immunosuppressive drugs
   
• Biologic therapy
   
• Antibiotics (if infection is present)
   
• Nutritional therapy
   
• Surgery (only in severe or complicated cases)
   

👉 Treatment is individualized based on disease severity.

• Eat small, frequent meals
   
• Avoid spicy, oily, and junk food
   
• Drink plenty of water
   
• Avoid smoking and alcohol
   
• Reduce stress
   
• Follow the diet plan advised by your doctor
   

⚠️ No single diet works for everyone. Diet should be personalized.

• Intestinal narrowing (strictures)
   
• Intestinal blockage
   
• Fistula formation
   
• Abscess
   
• Malnutrition
   
• Increased risk of colon cancer (long-term disease)