“GERD is manageable with timely diagnosis, proper treatment, and healthy lifestyle changes.”

GERD is a chronic digestive condition in which stomach acid frequently flows back into the food pipe (esophagus). This backflow irritates the lining of the esophagus and causes symptoms like heartburn and acid regurgitation. If not treated on time, GERD can lead to serious complications.

• Excess acid production in the stomach
   
• Weak lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
   
• Obesity or increased abdominal pressure
   
• Spicy, oily, or fatty foods
   
• Eating late at night and lying down soon after meals
   
• Smoking or tobacco use
   
• Excessive intake of tea, coffee, alcohol, or carbonated drinks
   
• Certain medications
   

• Burning sensation in the chest (heartburn)
   
• Sour or bitter taste in the mouth
   
• Acid regurgitation
   
• Throat irritation or chronic sore throat
   
• Difficulty or pain while swallowing
   
• Chronic cough or hoarseness of voice
   
• Bloating, nausea, or indigestion
   
• Chest pain (may sometimes mimic heart-related pain)
   

• Inflammation or ulcers in the esophagus
   
• Narrowing of the food pipe (stricture)
   
• Recurrent infections or bleeding
   
• Increased risk of esophageal cancer (rare but possible)
   

• Based on patient symptoms and medical history
   
• Upper GI endoscopy
   
• 24-hour acid reflux (pH monitoring) test
   
• Additional tests if required
   

1. Medications

• Acid-suppressing medicines
   
• Drugs to improve stomach motility
   

2. Lifestyle Modifications (Very Important)

• Eat small, frequent meals
   
• Avoid lying down for 2–3 hours after eating
   
• Elevate the head end of the bed while sleeping
   
• Maintain a healthy body weight
   
• Avoid tight clothing around the abdomen
   

• Light and easily digestible meals
   
• Green vegetables
   
• Rice, chapati, oats
   
• Fruits like banana and apple
   
• Low-fat curd or buttermilk (in moderation)
   

• Spicy and fried foods
   
• Fast food and junk food
   
• Chocolate, coffee, alcohol
   
• Excessively sour or citrus fruits
   
• Carbonated beverages
   

• Symptoms persist despite medication
   
• Difficulty or pain while swallowing
   
• Unexplained weight loss
   
• Vomiting blood or black-colored stools
   
• Severe or worsening chest pain